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SUPERCRITICAL FLUID IMAGE PC
Gupta A, Chen G, Joshi P, Tadigadapa S, Eklund PC (2006) Raman scattering from high-frequency phonons in supported n-graphene layer films. Liu C, Hu G, Gao H (2012) Preparation of few-layer and single-layer graphene by exfoliation of expandable graphite in supercritical N, N-dimethylformamide. Sasikala SP, Huang K, Giroire B, Prabhakaran P, Henry L, Penicaud A, Poulin P, Aymonier C (2016) Simultaneous graphite exfoliation and n doping in supercritical ammonia. Hadi A, Karimi-Sabet J, Moosavian SMA, Ghorbanian S (2016) Optimization of graphene production by exfoliation of graphite in supercritical ethanol: a response surface methodology approach. Rangappa D, Sone K, Wang M, Gautam UK, Golberg D, Itoh H, Ichihara M, Honma I (2010) Rapid and direct conversion of graphite crystals into high-yielding, good-quality graphene by supercritical fluid exfoliation. Wang Y, Chen Z, Wu Z, Li Y, Yang W, Li Y (2018) High-efficiency production of graphene by supercritical CO 2 exfoliation with rapid expansion. Gai Y, Wang W, Xiao D, Zhao Y (2018) Ultrasound coupled with supercritical carbon dioxide for exfoliation of graphene: simulation and experiment. Gao H, Zhu K, Hu G, Xue C (2017) Large-scale graphene production by ultrasound-assisted exfoliation of natural graphite in supercritical CO 2/H 2O medium. Li L, Xu J, Li G, Jia X, Li Y, Yang F, Zhang L, Xu C, Gao J, Liu Y, Fang Z (2016) Preparation of graphene nanosheets by shear-assisted supercritical CO 2 exfoliation. Wang W, Wang Y, Gao Y, Zhao Y (2014) Control of number of graphene layers using ultrasound in supercritical CO 2 and their application in lithium-ion batteries. Lee SY, Park SJ (2014) Isothermal exfoliation of graphene oxide by a new carbon dioxide pressure swing method. Sim HS, Kim TA, Lee KH, Park M (2012) Preparation of graphene nanosheets through repeated supercritical carbon dioxide process. Pu NW, Wang CA, Sung Y, Liu YM, Der GM (2009) Production of few-layer graphene by supercritical CO 2 exfoliation of graphite.
Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 20:311–321
Wei Y, Sun Z (2015) Liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite for mass production of pristine few-layer graphene. Padmajan Sasikala S, Poulin P, Aymonier C (2016) Prospects of supercritical fluids in realizing graphene-based functional materials. Whitener KE, Sheehan PE (2014) Graphene synthesis. Geim AK, Novoselov KS (2007) The rise of graphene. Novoselov KS, Jiang D, Schedin F, Booth TJ, Khotkevich VV, Morozov SV, Geim AK (2005) Two-dimensional atomic crystals. Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos SV, Grigorieva IV, Firsov AA (2004) Electric field in atomically thin carbon films. Graphene exfoliation from graphite by supercritical fluids promises to be a simple large-scale method for graphene production. The exfoliated graphene was properly characterized via scanning electron microscopy, the morphology of graphene was observed Raman spectra confirmed the exfoliation of graphene depicting the characteristic shift towards smaller Raman number in the 2D band (2676 cm −1) compared to that of graphite (≈ 2700 cm −1) transmission electron microscopy analysis exhibited the crystalline structure of graphene attesting also the expected transparency of exfoliated layers. In our exploratory research, we have effectively exfoliated graphene from graphite using supercritical fluids (water, ethanol and carbon dioxide). Graphene is an unconventional material with a two-dimensional hexagonal crystalline array of elemental carbon atoms and outstanding properties accordingly, a desirable objective in the line of research of graphene is the development of novel and more productive methods of synthesis, validating its properties and applications.
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